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==Events== *46 BCE – Julius Caesar defeats Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex fights, and is defeated by, a Danish invasion army. *1490 – Anne of Brittany announces that all those who would ally with the King of France will be considered guilty of the crime of lèse-majesté. *1642 – King Charles I of England sends soldiers to arrest members of Parliament, commencing England's slide into civil war. *1649 – English Civil War: The Rump Parliament votes to put Charles I on trial. *1717 – The Netherlands, Great Britain, and France sign the Triple Alliance. *1762 – Great Britain declares war on Spain and Naples. *1798 – Constantine Hangerli arrives in Bucharest, Wallachia, as its new Prince, invested by the Ottoman Empire. *1847 – Samuel Colt sells his first revolver pistol to the United States government. *1853 – After having been kidnapped and sold into slavery in the American South, Solomon Northrup regains his freedom; his memoir ''12 Years a Slave'' later becomes a national bestseller. *1854 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the ''Samarang''. *1863 – The New Apostolic Church, a Christian and chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg, Germany. *1865 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street in New York City. *1878 – Sofia is emancipated from Ottoman rule. *1884 – The Fabian Society is founded in London, England, United Kingdom. *1889 – The Oklahoma Land Run opens 2 million acres of unused Oklahoma Territory to first serve first come settlers on April 22. *1896 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. *1903 – Topsy, an elephant, is electrocuted by the owners of Luna Park, Coney Island. Thomas Edison's movie company shoots the film ''Electrocuting an Elephant'' of the execution. *1912 – The Scout Association is incorporated throughout the British Empire by royal charter. *1944 – World War II: Operation Carpetbagger, involving the dropping of arms and supplies to resistance fighters in Europe, begins. *1948 – Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom. *1951 – Korean War: Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul. *1955 – The Greek National Radical Union is formed by Konstantinos Karamanlis. *1958 – ''Sputnik 1'' falls to Earth from orbit. *1959 – ''Luna 1'' becomes the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon. *1965 – United States President Lyndon B. Johnson proclaims his "Great Society" during his State of the Union address. *1966 – A military coup takes place in Upper Volta (later Burkina Faso), dissolving the National Parliament and leading to a new national constitution. *1970 – A magnitude 7.7 earthquake strikes Tonghai County, China, killing at least 15,000 people. *1972 – Rose Heilbron becomes the first female judge to sit at the Old Bailey in London, England. *1974 – United States President Richard Nixon refuses to hand over materials subpoenaed by the Senate Watergate Committee. *1976 – The Troubles: The Ulster Volunteer Force shoots dead six Irish Catholic civilians in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The next day, gunmen shoot dead ten Protestant civilians nearby in retaliation. *1987 – The 1987 Maryland train collision: An Amtrak train ''en route'' to Boston from Washington, D.C., collides with Conrail engines in Chase, Maryland, killing 16 people. *1989 – Second Gulf of Sidra incident: a pair of Libyan MiG-23 "Floggers" are shot down by a pair of US Navy F-14 Tomcats during an air-to-air confrontation. *1990 – In Pakistan's deadliest train accident an overloaded passenger train collides with an empty freight train, resulting in 307 deaths and 700 injuries. *1998 – Wilaya of Relizane massacres in Algeria: over 170 are killed in three remote villages. * 1998 – A massive ice storm hits eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, continuing through January 10 and causing widespread destruction. *1999 – Former professional wrestler Jesse Ventura is sworn in as governor of Minnesota. *2000 – Two trains on the Røros Line collide in Åsta, Norway, resulting in an explosive fire and 19 deaths. *2004 – ''Spirit'', a NASA Mars rover, lands successfully on Mars at 04:35 UTC. * 2004 – Mikheil Saakashvili is elected President of Georgia following the November 2003 Rose Revolution. *2006 – Prime Minister Ariel Sharon of Israel suffers a second, apparently more serious stroke. His authority is transferred to acting Prime Minister Ehud Olmert. *2007 – The 110th United States Congress convenes, electing Nancy Pelosi as the first female Speaker of the House in U.S. history. *2010 – Burj Khalifa, the world's tallest building, is officially opened. *2013 – A gunman kills eight people in a house-to-house rampage in Kawit, the Philippines. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「January 4」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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